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The culture of Singapore is the action of Asian and European cultures, influenced heavily by British, Dutch, Portuguese, Malay, South Asian, East Asian and Australian cultures. Singapore has been dubbed as a country where "East meets West", "Easy Asia" and "Garden city".
Singapore was a part of British Malaya for many centuries. It was ruled by the Sultanate of Johor. In 1819, the British came to the Island and set up a port and colony. During British rule, the port of Singapore flourished and attracted many migrants. After independence in 1965, Singapore encountered one of the world’s fastest immerse rapid economic and social development.
Singapore has a diverse populace of nearly 5.5 million people, which is made up of Chinese, Malays, Indians, Caucasians and Eurasians (plus other mixed groups) and Asians of different origins, which is in line with the nation's history as a crossroads for various ethnic and racial groups.
Singapore has several distinct ethnic neighborhoods, including Little India, Chinatown and Glam. Little India is known and patronized by all races within the population for its thalis-- South Indian "buffets" that are vegetarian and served on the traditional banana leaves. These neighborhoods are accessible by public transport, especially by Mass Rapid Transit (MRT). Chinese and Hindu temples, mosques, as well as churches, are often located near each other. One such example can be found along Pagoda Street in Chinatown, where Sri Mariamman Temple, the oldest Hindu place of worship here, stands next to Jamae Mosque, which caters to the Tamil Muslims in Singapore.
Singapore's Chinatown is an ethnic neighborhood featuring distinctly Chinese cultural elements and a historically concentrated ethnic Chinese population. Chinatown is located within the larger district of Outram.Expect cultural celebrations throughout the year too. In January, look forward to Thaipusam, a Hindu festival dedicated to Lord Subrahmanya (or Murugan). Also happening around the same time is Chinese New Year, which is celebrated with much gusto, particularly in Chinatown.
The rich heritage of Singapore is also evident in the wealth of food choices. Food centers such as Maxwell Food Centre are one-stop venues with different ethnic cuisines all under one roof. Newer additions to Singapore’s colorful foods cape include celebrity restaurants and trendy eateries in heritage districts.
The city’s retail spots are also multicultural treasure troves. Treat yourself to Chinese knick-knacks, antiques and jeweler at Chinatown Complex at Smith Street, or explore the quirky stores in Arab Street for unique knick-knacks.
Singapore’s people are also bound together by one common language: Singlish (short for Singaporean English), a delightful slang consisting of English, Malay, Hokkien, Teochew, Cantonese and Tamil words.
In addition, 42% of Singapore's populace are foreigners, which makes it the country with the sixth highest proportion of foreigners worldwide. Singapore, being the most developed nation in Asia and having one of the highest standards of living in the world, continues to attract foreigners. In the Net Migration Index report, Singapore tops the list with a staggering +219% in potential population growth, followed by Switzerland at +150%.Singapore is also the third most densely populated territory in the world after Macau and Monaco. Singapore maintains a clean government and in 2013, it was ranked as the 5th least corrupted nation worldwide.
All Singaporeans study English as their first language in school, under the compulsory local education system, and their mother-tongue language as their second language. Thus, most Singaporeans are effectively bilingual, especially the youths in today's society. Singaporeans are generally very educated and speak an average of four languages. The 'national' language of Singapore is Bahasa Melayu. This is in recognition of the Malay people as the indigenous community in Singapore. 85% of Singaporeans do not speak Malay. Malay is used in the national anthem, national motto and military parade drill commands. Tamil is an official language as a majority of South Asians in Singapore are ethnic Tamils from India and Sri Lanka. While most Chinese Singaporeans are descendants of southern Chinese migrants who spoke a variety of regional languages, it is the northern Chinese language of Mandarin that is official in Singapore.
Singapore is a secular immigrant country. The main religions in Singapore are Buddhism, Christianity, Islamand Hinduism. Respect for different religions and personal beliefs is heavily emphasised by the government.
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